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'El retrato de Dorian Gray' aparece en una edición completa sin censura
El País, 2011-04-29
Oscar Wilde solo publicó una novela, pero qué novela: El retrato de Dorian Gray. Hasta hoy, los lectores que durante 120 años han alabado el talento del escritor británico en su visión de la soledad, la crueldad, el envejecimiento y el deseo, en realidad juzgaban una versión amputada. La censura victoriana impidió que el mundo conociera todas las caras de El retrato de Dorian Gray que Wilde quería mostrar; el autor tuvo que modificarla ante los ataques que la calificaron de "vulgar", "sucia", "envenenada" y "vergonzosa".
Ahora sale a la venta una edición casi completa editada por Harvard University Press, titulada El retrato de Dorian Gray: una edición comentada y sin censura (2011), que incluye por primera vez todos los pasajes censurados, que el editor, Nicholas Frankel, completa con anotaciones extensas y vistosas ilustraciones.
La novela de Wilde vio la luz en la revista literaria Lippincott's monthly magazine en 1890, después de que el editor de la publicación, J. M. Sotddart, recortara el material que hacía explícita la naturaleza homosexual de los sentimientos del artista Basil Hallward hacia el joven Dorian Gray, al que inmortaliza en un cuadro. De paso, Wilde abordaba temas controvertidos para su tiempo como la homosexualidad, la decadencia de la sociedad victoriana o la promiscuidad de esos años. Sotddart eliminó las referencias a la homosexualidad y los pasajes en los que Dorian Gray se refería a sus "queridas".
En la edición de Frankel, el lector puede acceder a todos estos fragmentos hasta ahora inéditos y también conocer las razones por las que Wilde no solo no pudo impedir la censura, sino que se vio obligado a recortar aún más frases para su edición en formato libro de su obra en 1891. Mucho del material original de Wilde se perdió para siempre en las sucesivas censuras, pero el texto que ahora ofrece Frankel es, según el propio editor, "la versión de la novela que Wilde quería que leyéramos en el siglo XXI".
Fuente
La novela que Oscar Wilde no purgó
'El retrato de Dorian Gray' aparece en una edición completa sin censura
El País, 2011-04-29
Documentación
Uncensored Picture of Dorian Gray published
Over 120 years after it was condemned as 'vulgar' and 'unclean', an uncensored version of Oscar Wilde's The Picture of Dorian Gray is published by Harvard University Press
Alison Flood | guardian.co.uk, 2011-04-27
The Dorian Gray That Wilde Would Want Us To Read
Harvard University Press Blog, 2011-04-13
A Textual History of The Picture of Dorian Gray
Harvard University Press Blog, 2011-02-22
PUBLICACIONES
The Picture of Dorian Gray : An Annotated, Uncensored Edition / Oscar Wilde ; edited by Nicholas Frankel
Cambridge, Mass. : Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2011
295 p. : il.
ISBN 9780674057920
The Picture of Dorian Gray altered the way Victorians understood the world they inhabited. It heralded the end of a repressive Victorianism, and after its publication, literature had—in the words of biographer Richard Ellmann—“a different look.” Yet the Dorian Gray that Victorians never knew was even more daring than the novel the British press condemned as “vulgar,” “unclean,” “poisonous,” “discreditable,” and “a sham.” Now, more than 120 years after Wilde handed it over to his publisher, J. B. Lippincott & Company, Wilde’s uncensored typescript is published for the first time, in an annotated, extensively illustrated edition.
The novel’s first editor, J. M. Stoddart, excised material—especially homosexual content—he thought would offend his readers’ sensibilities. When Wilde enlarged the novel for the 1891 edition, he responded to his critics by further toning down its “immoral” elements. The differences between the text Wilde submitted to Lippincott and published versions of the novel have until now been evident to only the handful of scholars who have examined Wilde's typescript.
Wilde famously said that Dorian Gray “contains much of me”: Basil Hallward is “what I think I am,” Lord Henry “what the world thinks me,” and “Dorian what I would like to be—in other ages, perhaps.” Wilde’s comment suggests a backward glance to a Greek or Dorian Age, but also a forward-looking view to a more permissive time than his own, which saw Wilde sentenced to two years’ hard labor for gross indecency. The appearance of Wilde’s uncensored text is cause for celebration.
The novel’s first editor, J. M. Stoddart, excised material—especially homosexual content—he thought would offend his readers’ sensibilities. When Wilde enlarged the novel for the 1891 edition, he responded to his critics by further toning down its “immoral” elements. The differences between the text Wilde submitted to Lippincott and published versions of the novel have until now been evident to only the handful of scholars who have examined Wilde's typescript.
Wilde famously said that Dorian Gray “contains much of me”: Basil Hallward is “what I think I am,” Lord Henry “what the world thinks me,” and “Dorian what I would like to be—in other ages, perhaps.” Wilde’s comment suggests a backward glance to a Greek or Dorian Age, but also a forward-looking view to a more permissive time than his own, which saw Wilde sentenced to two years’ hard labor for gross indecency. The appearance of Wilde’s uncensored text is cause for celebration.
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